答案解析

[PASSAGE] "When any type of rock—igneous, sedimentary, or even another metamorphic rock—is subjected to intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's crust, it can change physically or chemically. This process is called metamorphism..." This means that significant heat and high pressure acting on existing rocks are the conditions required for metamorphism to occur. [WHY CORRECT] Option 4 is correct because paragraph 4 explicitly states that rocks are subjected to "intense heat and pressure" for the process of metamorphism to take place. The passage directly links these two factors to the formation of metamorphic rock. [TRAPS] Option 1 (Melting and solidification) is wrong because these are conditions for forming igneous rocks, and the passage specifically states that during metamorphism, "the original rock does not melt." Option 2 (Weathering and erosion) is wrong because these processes break down rocks into sediments, leading to sedimentary rocks, as explained in paragraph 3. Option 3 (Compaction and cementation) is wrong as these are the processes that form sedimentary rocks from sediments, also described in paragraph 3. [TIP] For detail questions, carefully scan the relevant paragraph for keywords from the question or options. The answer is often stated directly in one or two sentences.

其他選項為何錯誤

• Option A (“Melting and solidification”) states information not mentioned in the passage.
• Option B (“Weathering and erosion”) distorts a detail that the passage actually gives.
• Option C (“Compaction and cementation”) confuses two separate points from the text.

語境中的關鍵用語

Pay attention to the precise wording used to discuss Geology. In TOEFL detail questions, transitions and qualifiers carry the meaning that separates the correct answer from close distractors.

學習要點

Match the answer word-for-meaning against the passage rather than the gist.