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Conjunctions & Connectors

Coordinating, subordinating conjunctions, and transition words essential for TOEFL Reading.

Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

  • The project is behind schedule, *but* we can still meet the deadline.

    • Subordinating: although, because, since, while, unless, if, when

  • *Although* the price increased, demand remained strong.

    • Conjunctive Adverbs / Transitions:

    FunctionWords
    Additionmoreover, furthermore, in addition
    Contrasthowever, nevertheless, on the other hand
    Cause/Effecttherefore, consequently, as a result
    Examplefor example, for instance, specifically

    Key Rule:

  • Conjunction connects clauses within a sentence.
  • Transition word starts a new sentence or follows a semicolon.

    • Examples

    TOEFL Tip:

    Reading sentence insertion often tests transition words. Understand the logical relationship between sentences.